Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium Ferritin, Heavy Chain (FTH) (Microglia Marker)(FTH/2081), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Mammalian ferritins consist of 24 subunits made up of 2 types of poly-peptide chains, ferritin heavy chain and ferritin light chain, which each have unique functions. Ferritin heavy chains catalyze the first step in iron storage, the oxidationof FeI(II), whereas ferritin light chains promote the nucleation of ferrihydrite, enabling storage of Fe(III). The most prominent role of mammalian ferritins is to provide iron-buffering capacity to cells. In addition to iron buffering, heavy chain ferritin is also involved in the regulation of thymidine biosynthesis via increased expression of cytoplasmic serine hydroxymethyltransferase, which is a limiting factor in thymidylate synthesis in MCF-7 cells. Light chain ferritin is involved in cataracts by at least two mechanisms: hereditary hyperferritinemia cataract syndrome, in which light chain ferritin is overexpressed; and oxidative stress, an important factor in the development of aging-related cataracts. Primary antibodies are available
Biotium Transthyretin (Prealbumin)(CPTC-TTR-1), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Prealbumin, also designated transthyretin, is a major thyroid-hormone binding protein involved in transporting thyroxine from the bloodstream to the brain. Prealbumin is located in the cytoplasm and in the vesicles of developing rat brain cells, and is thought to be transported there from the cerebrospinal fluid via endocytosis. Sequence variants of this protein have been identified in amyloid fibrils from patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP), the most common form of hereditary systemic amyloidosis. Although the biologically active form of Prealbumin is a tetramer, the amyloidogenic intermediate is thought to be a monomeric species. Prealbumin also binds to the retinol carrier protein RBP (retinol-binding protein). Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended
Biotium Cell Division Cycle 34 homolog(CPTC-CDC34-2), 1mg/mL
Cell cycle events are regulated by the sequential activation and deactivation of cyclin dependent kinases (Cdks) and by the proteolysis of cyclins. The cell division cycle (Cdc) genes are required at various points in the cell cycle. Cdc25A, Cdc25B and Cdc25C protein tyrosine phosphatases function as mitotic activators by dephosphorylating Cdc2 p34 on regulatory tyrosine residues. Cdc6 is the human homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc6, which is involved in the initiation of DNA replication. Cdc37 appears to facilitate Cdk4/cyclin D1 complex formation and has been shown to form a stable complex with HSP 90. Cdc34, Cdc27 and Cdc16 function as ubiquitinconjugating enzymes. Cdc34 is thought to be the structural and functional homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc34, which is essential for the G1 to S phase transition. Cdc16 and Cdc27 are components of the APC (anaphase promoting complex) which ubiquitinates cyclin B, resulting in cyclin B/Cdk complex degradation. Primary antibod
Biotium Ferritin, Heavy Chain (FTH) (Microglia Marker)(FTH/2081), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Mammalian ferritins consist of 24 subunits made up of 2 types of poly-peptide chains, ferritin heavy chain and ferritin light chain, which each have unique functions. Ferritin heavy chains catalyze the first step in iron storage, the oxidationof FeI(II), whereas ferritin light chains promote the nucleation of ferrihydrite, enabling storage of Fe(III). The most prominent role of mammalian ferritins is to provide iron-buffering capacity to cells. In addition to iron buffering, heavy chain ferritin is also involved in the regulation of thymidine biosynthesis via increased expression of cytoplasmic serine hydroxymethyltransferase, which is a limiting factor in thymidylate synthesis in MCF-7 cells. Light chain ferritin is involved in cataracts by at least two mechanisms: hereditary hyperferritinemia cataract syndrome, in which light chain ferritin is overexpressed; and oxidative stress, an important factor in the development of aging-related cataracts. Primary antibodies are available
Biotium DNA Ligase 1(1A9), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
DNA Ligase I maintains the major DNA Ligase activity in proliferating cells by joining Okazaki fragments during lagging strand DNA replication. Human DNA Ligase I also has an essential role in DNA repair pathways, where it catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent 5' phosphoryl and 3' hydroxy termini at single breaks in duplex DNA molecules. In addition, DNA Ligase I plays a role in sealing nicks during excision repair. Similar to other DNA ligases, DNA Ligase I is built around a common catalytic core. Increased levels of DNA Ligase I are found in human tumors, as compared to benign tissues, as well as in peripheral blood lymphocytes. DNA Ligase I activity is altered in the chromosomal breakage deficit Bloom's syndrome (BS). Individuals with BS either have decreased levels of abnormally thermolabile DNA Ligase I or possess a dimeric form of this enzyme. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. C
Biotium Cytokeratin 3 (KRT3) (Corneal Epithelial Marker)(KRT3/2130), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins, which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains co-expressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. This type II cytokeratin is specifically expressed in the corneal epithelium with family member KRT12 and mutations in these genes have been associated with Meesmann's Corneal Dystrophy. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Aldo-keto Reductase Family 1 Member B1 (Adrenal Marker)(CPTC-AKR1B1-3), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Aldo-keto Reductase Family 1 Member B1 (AKR1B1), also known as aldose reductase or aldehyde reductase, is a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. This protein catalyzes the reduction of a number of aldehydes, including the aldehyde form of glucose, and is thereby implicated in the development of diabetic complications by catalyzing the reduction of glucose to sorbitol. It has also been shown to have decreased expression in adrenocortical cancer, and possibly play a role in adrenal tumorigenesis. It has been suggested that AKR1B1 could be investigated as a marker of malignancy for adrenal tumor diagnosis.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower
Biotium Cytokeratin 14 (KRT14) (Squamous Cell Marker)(KRT14/2375), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Cytokeratin 14 (CK14) belongs to the type I (or A or acidic) subfamily of low molecular weight keratins and exists in combination with keratin 5 (type II or B or basic). CK14 is found in basal cells of squamous epithelia, some glandular epithelia, myoepithelium, and mesothelial cells. Anti-CK14 is useful in differentiating squamous cell carcinomas from poorly differentiated epithelial tumors. Anti-CK14 is one of the specific basal markers for distinguishing between basal and non-basal subtypes of breast carcinomas. Anti-CK14 is also a good marker for differentiation of intraductal from invasive salivary duct carcinoma by the positive staining of basal cells surrounding the in-situ neoplasm as well as for differentiation of benign prostate from prostate carcinoma. Furthermore, this antibody has been useful in separating oncocytic tumors of the kidney from its renal mimics, and in identifying metaplastic carcinomas of the breast. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a
Biotium HER-4 / ERBB4(HFR-1), 0.2mg/mL
The EGF receptor family comprises several related receptor tyrosine kinases that are frequently overexpressed in a variety of carcinomas. Members of this receptor family include EGFR (HER1), Neu (ErbB-2, HER2), ErbB-3 (HER3) and ErbB-4 (HER4), which form either homodimers or heterodimers upon ligand binding. The gene encoding ErbB-4 is expressed as a full-length protein, which produces a short membrane-anchored cytoplasmic domain fragment and a long ectodomain fragment. The short fragment is heavily tyrosine phosphorylated and possesses tyrosine kinase catalytic activity toward an exogenous substrate. Proteolytic cleavage of ErbB-4 is promoted by the binding of heregulin. ErbB-4 is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation and its expression is highest in breast carcinoma cell lines, normal skeletal muscle, heart, pituitary, brain and cerebellum. Its expression in breast cancer, pediatric brain cancer and other types of carcinomas has been reported in studies which sugges
Biotium Cytokeratin 5/6/18(LP34), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes polypeptides of 58 kDa, 56 kDa, and 45 kDa, identified as cytokeratin 5, 6, and 18 respectively. It shows no reaction with keratin 1, 8, or 19. This MAb shows a broad pattern of reactivity with epithelial tissues, from simple glandular epithelia to stratified squamous epithelia. Epithelial cells are labeled whether they are ectodermal, mesodermal, or endodermal in origin. This MAb is useful in detecting cells of epithelial origin in mixed tumors, in effusions, in bone marrow samples, or in tissue culture cells.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium MAPK14(CPTC-MAPK14-1), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. This kinase is activated by various environmental stresses and proinflammatory cytokines. The activation requires its phosphorylation by MAP kinase kinases (MKKs), or its autophosphorylation triggered by the interaction of MAP3K7IP1/TAB1 protein with this kinase. The substrates of this kinase include transcription regulator ATF2, MEF2C, and MAX, cell cycle regulator CDC25B, and tumor suppressor p53, which suggest the roles of this kinase in stress related transcription and cell cycle regulation, as well as in genotoxic stress response. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. It has been implicated in various cancer pathologies and depen
Biotium Calcineurin B / PPP3R1(CALNB/2342), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes the Calcineurin B alpha protein, encoded by the PPP3R1 (Protein Phosphatase 3 Regulatory Subunit B Alpha) gene. Calcineurin is an enzyme that dephosphorylates serine and threonine residues in proteins. It is a heterodimer of a 59 kDa catalytic A subunit and a 19 kDa regulatory B subunit that is activated by the binding of calcium ions and calmodulin. Calcineurin is expressed in many tissues, but its levels are highest in the brain, where it may play a role in learning and memory. It has many substrates, including NFAT, a transcription factor that is activated by dephosphorylation. Complexes of the immuno-suppressants cyclosporine and FK506 with immunophilin proteins such as cyclophilin and FKBP12 are potent and specific inhibitors of Calcineurin activity. Alterations in Calcineurin activity are suspected to play a role in cardiac hypertrophy and graft versus host disease in organ transplantation. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selecti
Biotium TCL1 (T-Cell Marker)(TCL1/2079), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
T-cell leukemia/Lymphoma Protein 1A (TCL-1A), also known as p14TCL1 is a product of the TCL1 gene that is involved in T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (TPLL). T-PLL is a rare form of mature T-cell leukemia, which is consistently associated with chromosomal rearrangements characterized by the juxtaposition of the TCRA locus on chromosome 14q11 and the TCL1A gene on 14q32. 13. TCL1 is overexpressed in Burkitt lymphoma, the majority of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma-designated immunoblastic plasmacytoid lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have
Biotium HSV1 (Herpes Simplex Virus Type I) ICP8(HSVI/2045), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The antibody reacts with HSV type 1 specific antigen. It is suitable for detection of HSV in human cellular material obtained from superficial lesions or biopsies and for the early identification of HSV in infected tissue cultures. The herpes simplex virus (HSV) (also known as cold sore, night fever or fever blister) is a virus that causes a contagious disease. There are two main types of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), 1 and 2. The HSV-1 strain generally appears in the orafacial organs. HSV2 usually resides in the sacral ganglion at the base of the spine. All herpes viruses are morphologically identical: they have a large double-stranded DNA genome and the virion consists of an icosahedral nucleo-capsid, which is surrounded by a lipid bilayer envelope. ICP8, the HSV1 encoded single-strand DNA (ssDNA)-binding protein, is the major DNA binding protein of HSV1. ICP8 promotes single-stranded DNA to assemble into a homologous duplex plasmid producing a displacement loop. At higher concent
Biotium HPV-16 (Human Papilloma Virus 16)(HPV16/2058R), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Reacts with a protein of 57 kDa, identified as the L1 protein of human papilloma virus type 16 (HPV-16). It is the major capsid protein of HPV-16. Infection with specific types of HPV has been associated with an increased risk of developing cervical neoplasia. HPV types 6 and 11 have been associated with relatively benign diseases such as genital warts but types 16 and 18 are strongly associated with cervical, vaginal, and vulvar malignancies. The antibody reacts very strongly with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues containing HPV-16 or -33; very weak reactions were occasionally observed with biopsy specimens or smears containing HPV-6 or HPV-11. It cross-reacts with HPV37. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes